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Hola. Xin chào. Mãlã e lelei. Nín hâo. Talofa. Hallo. Zdravo. Bonjour. Olá. Zdravstvuyte.

Those are words for "hello" in the top 10 languages spoken in homes in Salt Lake County besides English: Spanish, Vietnamese, Tongan, Chinese, Samoan, German, Serbo-Croatian, French, Portuguese and Russian.

Perhaps Utahns should learn them, because new estimates show that now one of every five county residents speaks a language besides English at home.

And they speak at least 119 different tongues besides English in the county, according to U.S. Census Bureau estimates released Tuesday for the nation's largest counties. It comes from American Community Survey data collected between 2009 and 2013.

"It's definitely a new day in Utah," says Pam Perlich, director of demographic research at the Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute at the University of Utah.

She says advantages and challenges come from so many languages being spoken here by people with different cultural backgrounds from every corner of the globe.

"The gift of new immigrants is the ability to see and understand things that we in the dominant culture can't see," she said. "We can get to solutions more quickly with a diverse set of perspectives among our problem solvers, creators and innovators. It's a real bonus for Utah."

But there are challenges, such as in schools, where teachers must teach children whose homes may speak scores of languages.

Having 120 languages in the county "is an indication of dozens and dozens and dozens of cultures and intellectual traditions that we are incorporating into our schools. The challenges, particularly for education, are great with this generational shift."

Perlich notes that immigrants tend to be young, in child-bearing years and have larger families, so the younger generations tend to be more diverse.

She said Utah's signature demographics — mostly white and LDS — "are still there, but they are really fading." She adds that "the real story about the future of Utah will be its changing demographics" and more diversity.

"Even though migration has slowed, we still have people moving to the state. Once we pull fully out of this recession, we'll continue to have more people moving to the state," she said. "As our economy grows and diversifies, it's a global labor market."

Perlich adds that Utah also has many immigrants coming as political refugees, and many others are attracted to study or teach at its universities.

New estimates say that 188,721 residents age 5 and older in Salt Lake County speak a language other than English at home — or 19.7 percent of the total population.

Next to English, Spanish is by far the most common language — spoken by 122,665 people at home, or one of every eight residents. That number amounts to nearly the population of West Valley City, the second-largest in the state.

Numbers for the other top 10 languages spoken at home are: Vietnamese, 5,189 people; Tongan, 4,715; Chinese, 4,555; Samoan, 3,525; German, 3,510; Serbo-Croatian, 2,995; French, 2,590; Portuguese, 2,405; and Russian, 2,255.

Only 7.6 percent of all county residents speak English "less than very well," new estimates say.

But that percentage is much higher in homes where another language also is spoken. For example, among those who speak Vietnamese, 60.3 percent report speaking English less than very well.

The following other languages also had a least 1,000 people who speak them at home in Salt Lake County: Arabic, Cushite (Somalia), Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mon-Khmer (Cambodia), Navajo, Nepali, Persian and Tagalog (Philippines).